Scientists warn of 'dangerous threat' facing 2 billion people if specific changes are not implemented

Over 20% of the global population could face a life-threatening new normal if governments fail to take immediate action, according to the Institute of Sustainability and Environmental Professionals (ISEP). World leaders convened in Belm, Brazil, for a major environmental summit starting on November 10. On November 20, The Guardian reported that negotiations on phasing out fossil fuels had stalled amid intense disputes, particularly with leaders from oil-dependent nations seeking to slow the transition.

ISEP emphasized a critical 2023 study in Nature Sustainability that addressed the resistance of some countries to move toward cleaner energy. The study warned that the number of people exposed to extreme heat could surge from 60 million today to 2 billion by 2100 under current climate policies. The research highlighted that the true costs of global overheating extend far beyond financial calculations, affecting millions of human lives.

The study examined the human climate niche, defined by the World Economic Forum as the temperature range compatible with human survival and activity. At the time of publication, approximately 600 million people were already living outside this safe range, subject to dangerously high heat. Projections indicate that without policy changes, this number could nearly quadruple by the end of the century.

As climate negotiations stalled and the summit drew to a close, researchers stressed the urgent need for decisive action. The study projected that global temperatures could rise 2.7C (4.8F) above pre-industrial levels by 2100 under current policies. More severe scenarios, with increases of 3.6C (6.5F) to 4.4C (8F), could expose half the worlds population to extreme heat.

Study author Tim Lenton explained, For every 0.1C of warming above present levels, about 140 million more people will face dangerous heat. This highlights both the magnitude of the problem and the need for swift action. However, if nations succeed in limiting warming to the Paris Agreement goal of 1.5C (2.7F), only 5% of the global population would be at risk.

With international negotiations at a standstill, individual efforts to reduce heat exposure are more crucial than ever. Staying informed about climate issues and advocating for policy changes remain key steps to address the growing threat.

Author: Sophia Brooks